Tipatshimuna 
Description:
reduced scale, used to carry a canoe
References:
James W. VanStone. 1985. Material Culture of the Davis Inlet and Barren Ground Naskapi: the William Duncan Strong Collection. Chicago: Field Museum of Natural History. Fieldiana, Anthropology New Series No.7. Nutshimiu-atusseun. Lynn Drapeau. 1999. Dictionnaire Montagnais-français. Sainte-Foy: Presses de l’Université du Québec.
Innu Narrative:
“There was only one man who had a dog team before we went to Nutak [in 1948] and that was Joseph Rich. He had 3 dogs. My father and I had one little dog that we used to haul our belongings. There were no komatiks as well. Until 1948, there used to be utatshanakiaskᵘ, which is the oldest kind of komatik (sled with runners).” Shuashem Nui
“He built canoes in Davis Inlet, and in Hopedale too. My late father built a canoe there too. And at Ashuapun (Border Beacon) where people camped. It’s on the east side of the hill. It was winter when we camped there. When it was spring, he built a canoe without nails, the kind I just mentioned. Later that spring when he finished building it, we moved our camp. We pulled our gear on the sled and moved to where the river runs. We put our things there.” Uniam Katshinak
“In the spring, that’s when they started building their canoes, before it gets too warm. My father started cutting his wood in the winter for building his canoe, when spring was getting closer. We were still using a sled for traveling when he cut the trees for the canoe. He started building the canoe and carved the wood for it. When he finished the canoe, the ice was still frozen on the lake. We moved our camp where there is open water, and we traveled by canoe from there. The canoes were built early too.” Uniam Katshinak
Other Info:
Nutshimiu-atusseun calls this sled utatananashkuatikᵘ.
Prior to the adoption of dog teams and the komatik, the Labrador Innu transported their belongings on toboggans (utapanashkᵘ) and sleds (utatinakanashkᵘ), sometimes called “catamarans.” Sleds were used primarily in the late fall and spring, when there is lots of slush and water on the ice. Using sleds, Innu stood a better chance of keeping belongings and supplies out of the water, wet snow and slush. Such sleds were also used to transport canoes across the snow and ice between sections of open water and across portages. Peter Armitage note
“The collection contains a single, crudely made sled which, according to catalogue information, was intended for hauling firewood and camp equipment. It was made by Strong’s chief informant, Joe Rich. This specimen is 134 cm long and 27 cm wide, and has two narrow runners which curve slightly upward at the front. There are two stanchions, one near each end, cut from the same piece of wood as the runners. Strong (1928c, vol. 1) noted that the runners were cut out almost entirely with an axe and then finished with a jack knife. The runners are connected by two transverse bars attached at the tops of the stanchions with string. The bed is formed by four parallel narrow strips of wood of varying lengths, approximately 7 cm apart, attached to the crossbars at either end with string… A model sled is virtually identical, except that the bed consists of three strips of wood rather than four and the lashing is babiche… This style of sled was drawn by one man and appears to resemble the canoe sled described by Rogers…for the Mistassini Indians, except that the latter apparently had no bed, only crossbars connecting the runners.” VanStone (1985:19-20)
Drapeau records ush-tetanakanashkᵘ as “traîneau à canot (canoe sled)” and tetalakanashkᵘ as “traîneau, véhicule à patins pour le transport de grosses charges (sled, skid-mounted vehicle for transporting heavy loads).”